Climate Matching Map
| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
| ClimateMatch_OR_Cotoneaster_franchetii.pdf (1.1 MB) | 1.1 MB |
1. Question 1
Yes
1
High
Cotoneaster franchetii is native to China and has become naturalized where it is not native in Europe, South America, North America, Australia, and New Zealand (Richardson & Rejmánek, 2022; Krussman, 1976 as cited in Lett et al, 2015). There are non-native populations established in Argentina, South America (Lett et al 2015). In Cape Peninsula, South Africa, Cotoneaster franchetii was found in Newlands Forest, most likely spread from adjacent suburban gardens (Alston & Richardson, 2006). In Belgium, dense populations have become naturalized in the coastal dunes (Boer, 2014).
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
Alston, Karen P, and David M. Richardson. 2006. “The Roles of Habitat Features, Disturbance, and Distance from Putative Source Populations in Structuring Alien Plant Invasions at the Urban Wildland Interface on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa”. Biological Conservation 132: 183-98. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.023.
Boer, Edu. 2014. “Risk Assessment Cotoneaster”. https://www.nvwa.nl/binaries/nvwa/documenten/plant/planten-in-de-natuur/exoten/risicobeoordelingen/dwergmispel/Cotoneaster+risk+assessment.pdf.
Richardson, David M., and Marcel Rejmánek. 2011. “Trees and Shrubs As Invasive Alien Species - Global Review”. Diversity and Distributions 17: 788-809.
2. Question 2
Yes
2
High
Yes, populations have been noted as naturalized in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand where the climate is similar to Oregon (temperate mountain and temperate desert, from zone 4 to 11)
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
3. Question 3
Yes
2
High
Yes, it has been noted as being invasive in several countries, such as Europe, South America, North America, Australia, and New Zealand. In the Risk Assessment Cotoneaster, Boer (2014) indicates that is one of the major invasive plant species in Australia, New Zealand, and the US.
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
Alston, Karen P, and David M. Richardson. 2006. “The Roles of Habitat Features, Disturbance, and Distance from Putative Source Populations in Structuring Alien Plant Invasions at the Urban Wildland Interface on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa”. Biological Conservation 132: 183-98. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.023.
Boer, Edu. 2014. “Risk Assessment Cotoneaster”. https://www.nvwa.nl/binaries/nvwa/documenten/plant/planten-in-de-natuur/exoten/risicobeoordelingen/dwergmispel/Cotoneaster+risk+assessment.pdf.
4. Question 4
Yes
3
High
Yes, it is noted as being a major invasive in the US, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand in areas that have similar climate to Oregon.
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
Howell, Clayson. 2008. Consolidated List of Environmental Weeds in New Zealand. Wellington, N.Z.: Science & Technical Pub., Dept. of Conservation. http://www.conservation.org.nz/Documents/science-and-technical/drds292.pdf.
Boer, Edu. 2014. “Risk Assessment Cotoneaster”. https://www.nvwa.nl/binaries/nvwa/documenten/plant/planten-in-de-natuur/exoten/risicobeoordelingen/dwergmispel/Cotoneaster+risk+assessment.pdf.
5. Question 5
Yes
1
Very High
Yes, several species within the same genus have been noted as invasive in North America, Europe, New Zealand, Australia, and South America where the climate is similar to Oregon (Richardson and Rejmanek, 2011).
Richardson, David M., and Marcel Rejmánek. 2011. “Trees and Shrubs As Invasive Alien Species \textendash a Global Review”. Diversity and Distributions 17: 788-809. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00782.x.
6. Question 6
No
0
High
Based on the climate matching data, less than half of the places where Cotoneaster franchetii grows match Oregon climate. Cotoneaster franchetii appears to be widely distributed throughout many parts of the world.
“Cotoneaster Franchetii Boiss. GBIF”. n.d. https://www.gbif.org/species/3026162.
7. Question 7
Yes
1
Low
Yes, it has been found to form dense thickets that can out-compete the native plant community. In the Netherlands, calcareous grasslands and the coastal dune areas, which contain rare and vulnerable plants, are at the highest risk of being out competed (Boer, 2014). Other than the Risk assessment Cotoneaster by Boer (2014), there is a lack of scientific research related to this, which is why the confidence is low.
Boer, Edu. 2014. “Risk Assessment Cotoneaster”. https://www.nvwa.nl/binaries/nvwa/documenten/plant/planten-in-de-natuur/exoten/risicobeoordelingen/dwergmispel/Cotoneaster+risk+assessment.pdf.
8. Question 8
Yes
1
Very High
Yes, the evidence suggests that Cotoneaster franchetii can promote fires and possibly change fire regimes. While investigating leaf and litter bed flammability in native verses non-native plants, Ganteaume (2017) found that the small light leaves of Cotoneaster franchetii burned longer than larger heaver leaves (e.g. Prunus laurocerasus or Cupressus arizonica). Cotoneaster franchetii is ranked as one of the top most flammable species when comparing categories of live leaves, leaf litter and both fuel (Ganteaume, 2017). Post fire, it is found to have the highest stamina of re-sprouting growth, most likely attributed to its high growth rates (Herrero, Torres, & Renison, 2016).
No references cited.
9. Question 9
Yes
1
High
Yes, the berries contain varying levels cyanogenic glycoside, which can be poisonous if consumed in large quantities. It can cause poisoning in some animals such as cattle, sheep, and horses. Children are especially susceptible to poisoning if the berries are consumed (Caudra et al., 2012).
Cuadra, Vanesa Pérez, Viviana Nora Cambi, María de los Ángeles Rueda, and Melina Lorena Calfuán. 2012. “Consequences of the Loss of Traditional Knowledge: The Risk of Injurious and Toxic Plants Growing in Kindergartens”. Ethnobotany Research and Applications 10: 077-094.
“Grey Cotoneaster (Cotoneaster Franchetii)”. 2020. https://vro.agriculture.vic.gov.au/dpi/vro/vrosite.nsf/pages/weeds_grey-cotoneaster.
Grüss, Aurélie, and Nathalie Priymenko. (2009) 2009. “Cotoneaster Sp. Poisoning in a Llama (Lama Glama)”. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 21: 247-49. doi:doi.org/10.1177/104063870902100213.
10. Question 10
Yes
1
Very High
Yes, this is a woody, evergreen species that can form dense thickets up to 3 meters high.
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
11. Question 11
Yes
1
Medium
Yes, Cotoneaster franchetii can spread vegetatively via shallow roots. However, it reproduces mainly from seeds. There was a lack of scientific articles to support this, which is why the confidence is medium.
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
Boer, Edu. 2014. “Risk Assessment Cotoneaster”. https://www.nvwa.nl/binaries/nvwa/documenten/plant/planten-in-de-natuur/exoten/risicobeoordelingen/dwergmispel/Cotoneaster+risk+assessment.pdf.
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
12. Question 12
No
0
High
The literature indicates that seed dispersal is the primary means of reproduction.
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
Lett, Irene, Isabell Hensen, Heidi Hirsch, and Daniel Renison. 2015. “No Differences Ingenetic Diversity of Cotoneaster Franchetii (Rosaceae) Shrubs Betweennative and Non-Native Ranges”. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 50: 377-84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288219807.
13. Question 13
Yes
1
High
Yes, the evidence suggests that the Cotoneaster franchetii commonly produces viable seeds.
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
Alston, Karen P, and David M. Richardson. 2006. “The Roles of Habitat Features, Disturbance, and Distance from Putative Source Populations in Structuring Alien Plant Invasions at the Urban Wildland Interface on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa”. Biological Conservation 132: 183-98. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.023.
Richardson, David M., and Marcel Rejmánek. 2011. “Trees and Shrubs As Invasive Alien Species - Global Review”. Diversity and Distributions 17: 788-809.
14. Question 14
Yes
1
Medium
Yes, it produces a copious amount of viable seeds each year. Velez et al. (2018) found that each plant produces a very high number of fruits and each fruit contains 2-3 seeds each. I could not find the exact number of fruits per plant, but the research suggests that this is a high producing plant.
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
15. Question 15
Yes
1
High
Valez et al. (2018) found that seed germination was significantly higher in ingested seeds by birds and manually extracted seeds than seeds intact in the fruit. Only 5% of the seeds in intact fruit germinated at the end of the experiment and germination ceased between 50 and 100 days post sowing. The mean germination percentage was greater than 25% for both ingested seeds and manually extracted seeds, and germination of both groups was continuous after sowing until around 200 days when the number of germinated seeds stabilized.
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
16. Question 16
No
0
Low
Presumed to produce viable seeds after 10 years, but there is a lack of scientific literature to support this, which is why the confidence level is low.
“Grey Cotoneaster (Cotoneaster Franchetii)”. 2020. https://vro.agriculture.vic.gov.au/dpi/vro/vrosite.nsf/pages/weeds_grey-cotoneaster.
17. Question 17
Yes
1
Very High
Yes, it has been found to produce seeds for greater than 3 months each year (Velez et al., 2018). In Argentina, flowering occurs from October to January and fruit is available from March to September (Tecco et al., 2006).
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
Tecco, Paula A, Diego E Gurvich, Díaz Sandra, Natalia Pérez-Harguindeguy, and Marcelo Cabido. (2006) 2006. “Positive Interaction Between Invasive Plants: The Influence of Pyracantha Angustifolia on the Recruitment of Native and Exotic Woody Species”. Austral Ecology 31: 293-300. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.pdx.edu/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01557.x.
18. Question 18
Yes
1
Very High
Yes, the plant is consumed and dispersed by birds. In central Argentina, Cotoneaster franchetii is a very abundant in the mountainous regions where birds are likely dispersing the seeds and contributing to effective seed dispersal over 100 meters.
No references cited.
19. Question 19
No
0
Low
Cotoneaster franchetii seeds are encased in it's fleshy fruit that is elongated in shape (6 x 9mm in diameter) (Sérsic et al. 2015 as cited in Velez et al. 2018). I could not find any evidence that the fruits are dispersed by wind or water.
Díaz Vélez, Maria Celeste, Alicia N Sersic, Anna Traveset, and Valeria Paiaro. 2018. “The Role of Frugivorous Birds in Fruit Removal and Seed Germination of the Invasive Alien Cotoneaster Franchetii in Central Argentina”. Austral Ecology 43: 558-66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12592.
20. Question 20
No
0
Low
I could not find any evidence of this.
No references cited.
Total PRE Score
19
20
75
